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Ce sunt hartile topografice

Va recomandam sa cititi mai multe despre intabulari terenuri accesand linkul. Topografia se refera la reprezentarea scrisa detaliata a unui loc sau a unei zone, inclusiv lacuri, rauri principale, munti, vai, latitudini si drumuri. Termenul este de asemenea folosit pentru a face referire la studiul cuprinzator al suprafetei pamantului, lunii, asteroizilor, meteorilor si a altor planete. Cuvantul „topografie” este derivat din doua cuvinte grecesti, si anume „topos” si „graphein”. Aceste cuvinte inseamna „loc” si „a scrie”.

Topografia este utilizata si pentru ridicari topografice.Topografia este interconectata cu supravegherea. Unele dintre cele mai vechi sondaje detaliate au fost sustinute de Biroul Topografic al Armatei SUA in 1812. Cu toate acestea, in cartografia topografica din secolul al XX-lea a inceput sa-si urmeze cursul ca masura mai precisa a locurilor. In prezent, topografia este o reprezentare tridimensionala a suprafetei pamantului. Oamenii de stiinta ating acest obiectiv prin masurarea si inregistrarea liniilor de contur. Cel mai recent, utilizarea tehnologiei prin satelit a dus la Google Maps, care este intamplator primul sondaj complet si disponibil pe scara larga a planetei Pamant.

Caracteristici topografice

Cele patru caracteristici topografice principale sunt forme de relief, altitudine, latitudine si longitudine. Termenul ” landform” se refera la caracteristicile fizice care afecteaza o zona precum rauri, baraje, lacuri, drumuri, munti, oceane, vai, orase si dealuri. Pe de alta parte, altitudinea este o inregistrare a inaltimii muntilor si a altor obiecte cu referire la nivelul marii. Pe o harta topografica, altitudinea este indicata de linii de contur. Punctele care ating liniile de contur trebuie sa fie de aceeasi inaltime. Atunci cand liniile de contur sunt apropiate una de cealalta, ele denota cote diferite. Cu cat liniile de contur se apropie una de cealalta, cu atat mai abrupta este panta pamantului. De asemenea, topografia este folosita si pentru intabulari terenuri.

O zona de latitudinea este nord sau sud , pozitia in raport cu ecuatorul care este situat la mijlocul pamantului si ca atare are o longitudine de zero grade. Dimpotriva, longitudinea este locatia de est sau de vest a unui loc cu referire la primul meridian . Aceasta pozitie este masurata in grade.

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